A case item has a known value that makes it impossible to ever match the case condition (or vice versa).
module m;
logic [2:0] a;
initial begin
case (a)
4'b1000: ; // Noncompliant
3'b111: ; // Compliant
endcase
end
endmodule
module m;
logic [2:0] a;
initial begin
case (a)
3'b100: ; // Compliant
3'b111: ; // Compliant
endcase
end
endmodule